Heroes 3 3d0 Letöltés

unlearned state - 2

still have to explain why the thesis "незнающем государстве" нужно принимать по умолчанию, а вот обратное надо доказывать - в каждом конкретном случае. Государство располагает недостаточной information by fundamental limitations, work around that it is unable to .

1) All citizens and economic actors to actively and passively resisted получению государством полной и достоверной информации о себе и своей деятельности. Это проявляется как в нормативных ограничениях (тайна личной информации, inviolability of the home), and of sabotage (see the history of the census and more recent - the scandal over the "pupil passport"). Ways to circumvent this limitation No, but to share power with the structures of the real self. And still ...

2) If the decision requires the forecast, it depends on factors which are beyond the control and evaluation of a particular administration. For example, the forecast of socio-economic development / Region may depend on famine in Africa or strikes at plants in Southeast Asia. Or the climate. For the situation in Russia say that the administration has no authority to fund research of these factors, otherwise it will kirdyk - unauthorized spending of budget funds. Who do not believe - learn fresh history of preparing a master plan for the city of Perm.

3) to aid decision making often requires information that is either impossible to obtain with the required accuracy at the time of the decision, or can be obtained only in retrospect. For example, the number of fish in the ocean for the distribution of quotas. Or forest area, passed beetle beginning of the next fire season. Accurate estimates of the cost will be commensurate with the cost of response measures.

4) Because of the status of public entities (governments), they can only operate within the approved procedures. In particular, for information and its analysis of the authorities use approved methods of data collection. Not to mention the fact that these techniques are no examinations do not pass, they systematically generate "blind spots" as directed to collect information on what has been a known problem at the time of their development! (Ie set at 10 years behind, at least in the case, for example, forest taxation methods - for 200 years;)) In addition, because of the instinct of self-government officials, they try to minimize the work required, including with - the development of techniques (in our practical experience - 100% of cases).

5) The device does not know the exact amount of work you have to do, because of several reasons: poor management (how realistic the administrative regulations have you seen?), depending on the number of work from external problems (including those created by citizens and other external factors) and the behavior of the authorities, which "puts the problem, ignoring with resources. Therefore, in practice the state power bodies are always in time trouble - if indeed they are trying to work. Even the problem of domestic resource allocation solved optimally (which creates some opportunities for ourselves and others lobbying).

6) "vertical of power" (hierarchy) leads to that the upper level - the level of decision-making - gets enough information in a very summary form, and long delays. A number of questions want to solve more than physical ability, "top officials". (According to American diplomats, leaked via WikiLeaks , at Gazprom have только два - ДВА - человека, которые могут вести международные переговоры: Миллер и ещё кто-то. Могут ли два человека удерживать в голове всю информацию, необходимую for making such decisions?)

7) Individuals and organizations that collect and process information, have their own economic interests, including - Extract quick profit, or, conversely, receiving a steady income. Creating expert information, they find themselves in an advantageous position in front of the customer (Bodies of state power), because the verification of their data and refunds for poorly executed work will cost about as much as the work itself. (Now this issue vigorously discussed in connection with the state order for sociological research.) "Expertise" does not solve anything, because at each examination there is another, which refute it.